By the port of Bariay, that today is within the territorial limits of the province of Holguín, in the month of October of 1492, disembarked to Great Admiral Cristóbal Columbus, giving beginning, with the discovery of America, to a new era. According to testimonies of the time, Columbus, al to step on per time first Cuban ground, impressed by the beauty of his beaches and the exhuberancia of his vegetation, pronounced a phrase that has been remembered until our days: "It is the Earth more beautiful than human eyes have seen". Years later, on 1525, the captain Garci'a Holguín founded the city, that went away developing, and in century XVIII the port of Gibara was already one of the main ports of the East, in the commerce of slaves and sugar. Attracted by the wealth of the colony, Holguín was scene also of the attack of privateers and pirates. Still the ruins of the fortifications are conserved that were constructed with the objective to protect it of this siege.

The 18 of January of 1752, Holguín was declared municipality, becoming with the passage of time, in the important city that is at the present time. During the fight of the Cuban town by its independence of the Spanish yoke, freed in stages 1868-1878 and 1895-1898, the rustic coasts of the old region of Baní, they served of point of impact of expeditions whose objective it was the provision of men, arms, equipments and information for the cause. During the wars mambisas the combats in the municipalities of Holguín and Báguanos were numerous.

This region, was constant scene of the fight of its town, as much in the period of the Neocolonial Republic (1902-1952) like in the War of national liberation. One of the most significant and sad facts in the history of this province was happened in a locality to the north of Banes the 25 of December of 1956: the murder of a numerous group of young people. To this fact one remembers to him like Bloody Passovers.