This region was called New the Philippines in the middle of the decade of 1770 and it is not until 1778 that acquires its present name. The economic development of this region was based fundamentally on the culture of the tobacco reason why it was its zone more western the one than it counted on a population of abundant economic resources. It indicates the cronista Miro' Argenter that in the region of Return Down when arriving the invasion in the War from the 95 settlers, in spite of being zone of abundance, when seeing to arrive at lieutenant Antonio Maceo, hurried to mobilize itself and they presented/displayed a cavalry regiment to him, with armed and equipped people. With them the last day of the Invasion began course to Mantua, more western region.

They had only needed three months to complete the objective of the Invasion. In the course of the last War of liberation, Pinar del Rio had one active participation. The 30 of November of 1956 in support to the disembarkation of the Granma yacht raised fifty men in this region. The murder of the adolescent young people Sergio and Luis Saíz Montes de Oca by soldiers of the batistiana tyranny affected that town and the clandestine fight in the city became more intense. Later, by the intellectual and literary vocation of these young people the association was based Saíz Brothers who group to the young values of the art of all the country.

The city of Pinar del Rio communicates by highway towards the north with Vinales, continuing towards the port of the Hope, where it connects with the North Circuit which leads towards the city of Havana by all the north of the province of Pinar del Rio. To the west with the city of Guane by the Highway Luis Bow. Towards the south with the wharves of Coloma, by a highway with such destiny. And with the rest from the province and Cuba to the east by means of the Main highway and now also by the Freeway.