The annual average temperature of the river basin of Santiago of Cuba is greater of 26o C. The temperature in January (colder month of the winter) is high, greater of 24o C, and the average temperature of the air in July (one of the warmest months of the summer) exceeds 28o C. The average of absolute the maximum temperatures of the annual air, is greater of 36o C. is considered to the plain of Santiago of Cuba like one of hottest of the country. In the mountainous zone of the Masterful Mountain range, the annual average temperature experiences a strong altitudinaria variation, the smaller isotherm of 16o C is in the zone of the Turquino tip, and the ranks of values increase of north to the south very abruptly (towards the coast) where reach more from 26o C. In low mountains of this mountain range, the values of the annual average temperature increase, from the zone of the Turquino towards the west and the east, without exceeding the rank of 22-24o C; towards the high plains of the river basin of the Cautious one, they increase gradually until 22-24o C and more. In January, the mountain range of the Turquino is the place of Cuba where the smaller annual average temperatures are registered (less of 16o C).